Antiskidding device for automobiles and the like.



P. MAAG.

ANTISKIDDING DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR. 26 1914.

1,107,430. Patented Aug. 18, 19M

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P. MAAG.

ANTISKIDDING DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES'AND THE LIKE.

APPLICATION FILED MAR.26, 1914.

Patented Aug. 18, 191i m lllll PHILIP MAAG, 0F NEAR WEBSTER GROVES, MISSOURI.

ANTISKIDDING DEVICE FOR AUTOMOBILES AND THE LIKE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Aug. 18, 1914.

Auolication filed. March 26, 1914. Serial No. 827,372.

To all 101mm may concern Be 1t known that I, PHILIP MAAG, a c1t1- zen of the United States, residing near \Vebster Groves, in the county of St. Louis, State of .Missouri, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Antiskidding Devices for Automobiles and the like, of which the following is a specification, refer ence being had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part hereof, in which-' F'gure 1- is a fragmentary view of the inner face of an automobile wheel equipped with my invention, showing my invention in side elevation with parts broken away and withthe groundengagingmembers or spurs thereof in full lines in normal or retracted position; Fig. 2 is an edge elevational view of the wheel, partly broken away, with partsof my invention in vertical section; Fig. 3 is an enlarged fragmentary view of my invention in sideelevation with the wheel omitted, parts thereof being in section and the spurs being in projected or ground-engaging position; Fig. 4 is a plan view, partly in section, on approximately the line 4-4, Fig. .1; Fig. 5 is a detail vertical sectional view on approximately'the line 55 Fig. 1; Fig. 6 is an enlarged elevational view of one of the spurs or groundengaging-members; Fig. 7 is an enlargedplanview of one of the spur-locking dogs or pawls; Fig. 8 is a plan view, partly in section, 11 approximately the line 8--8 Fig. 3; and ig. 9 is an elevational View of the operating-lever and its sector,; showing the same in full, dot-and-dash, and dotted lines 'n its several positions.

This invention relates to a certain new and useful-improvement 1n anti-skiddingdevices for automobiles and the like, the ob,- ject of my invention being to provide an easily operated and efiicient device of the kind stated.

With the above and other objects inview,

my present invention resides in certain novel features of I construction, arrangement, and

combination of parts,-a'all as willhereina-fl ter be described and afterward pointed out in the claims. v v v j I Referring to the accompanying. drawings,

in which like reference. characters like partsthroughout the several v1ews,;A 'fixed axle, B. the live indicates the dead or or rotatable axle, and (1 a wheel of an au-' tomob'ile or other self-propelled vehicle, all parts being of any suitable orv approved posed refer to while normally resiliently construction and wheel G comprising,'as is usual, radial spokes 1, a rim 2, and a pncu lnatic or other suitable preferably resilienttire 3.

Fixed on axle A adjacent the inner facev of wheel C is a member, preferably a casting, D comprising preferablyintegrally a perforated or bored portion 4 encircling axle A, a substantially U-shaped portion 5 having its legs 6-6 presented upwardly, and a preferably somewhat bowed or curved bar-portion 7 extending across the bightof said U-shaped portion 5 at the upper ends,

and projecting at its opposite ends slightly beyond the outer side faces, of said upwardly presented legs 6-6, all as clearly seen in Figs. 1 and 3.

8-8 indicate a pair of curved or arcuate links, seen clearly also in Figs. 1 and 3, which, are pivot-ally connected together at their inner ends. by means of a pin or bolt 9 and at their outer ends are pivotally oonnected to the outer ends of short links 10-10 which, in turn, are piviotally 'con nected at their inner ends to the projecting ends of said bar-portion? of member D.

11 indicates a continuous ring-shaped or annular preferably metallic member which is fixed, as by means of co-acting clampingmembers'or split-collars 12-42, to spokes 1 somewhat inwardly, or within the. pe-

Iriphery, of rim 2 and on the inner. face of wheel C. Positioned also on the inner face of wheel C, but spacedoutwardly from ring or annular member l1,- is a second continuous ring-shaped or annular memberil3, ring 13'being'h'eld in fixed s aced-apart relation to ring 11 by means 0 radial bolts or the like 14. Arranged in an annular series around .wheel C in the space between rings 11 and 13 are similar blocks ormembershaving atone end extension 16 overlapping 15, each of said blocks 1.5 a longitudinal bifurcated looselyfitting 'on a bolt 14 and thereupon V a correspondingly longitudinal extension 17' projecting from the opposite end of the next adjacent block 15",as" seen clearly in Figs. 1 and 3. j Interon-bolts '14 between said overlapping extensions 16 and 17 of blocks 15 and said inner fixed ring 11 are coiled springs or resilient members 18, whereby the blocks 15, held or supported in an annular series adjacent the inner face .of outer ring 13, are free to severally or independently give or yield radially inwardly bifurcated toward aA le A for purposes hereinafter appearing. Each of said blocks 15 is centrally transversely provided with a radial opening 15*, rings 11 and 13 being correspondingly provided with registering radial openings 11 and 13, respectively; and arranged in a radial series around wheel C, and each radially slidably meable in a set of said registering openings 11*, 13 and 15*, are ground-engaglng-members or spurs 19 pref erably corresponding in number to the number of said blocks 15. As shown clearly in Fig. 6, these spurs .19 at their outer ends are preferably sharpened, as at 19 and at their inner ends are preferably reduced in thicknesS, as at 19. Each spur 19 is preferably yieldingly maintained in normal retracted position, or in the position thereof shown in full lines in Fig. 1, with its sharpened end 19 within the periphery or tread-portion of tire 3, by means of a spring or resilient member 20, sprin or member 20 having one end suitably fixed to the reduced end 19* of the spur 19 and its opposite end to inner ring 11. At one side, as clearly seen in Fig. 3, each block 15 is interior-1y cut-away or re cessed, as at 15, in which is pivoted a pawl or dog 21 adapted, when the spur 19 slidable in the said block has been projected by the means hereinafter described into outer or ground-engaging position, or into the position thereof shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 andv in full lines in Fig. 3, to engage under the tension of a sniall coiled spring 22.. seen clearly in F ig. 3, with a notch or recess 19 provided illthe adjacent face of the spur 19' to releasably lock the spur 19 and the said block 15 together. Forming part of pawl or dog 21, and projecting at its outer end exteriorly of the block 15, .is a, tail-piece having fixed thereto at its outer or free end a laterally inwardly-extending cam-engagin member .24. I

Five/tally secured, as by means of a stud shaft 25, on the rear or inner face of one of the legs 6 of fixed member D is a bell-cranklever 26 substantially in the form of an L- having a long arm 27 and a short arm 28. At its free end, arm 27 is pivotally connected to a rod or link 29, which, in turn, has pivotal connection with an operating-lever 30 adapted to co-act with a notched sector 31 mounted on the automobile or other vehicle at a point easily accessible or convenient to the driver or operator. Short arm 28 of bell-crank lever 26 is provided at its free'end with a short upward extension 3 2, and provided on the outer or front face of" extension 32 and arm 28 is a pair of lips or short flanges Pivoted at one end on bolt or stud-shaft intermediate said leg 6 of fixed member D and 'bell-cranflt lever 26 is a short lever-arm Z'iwliiQh ex tends longitudinally relativelyto', and projects between said lips 8333 beyond the crank-lever 2G, is an upwardly presented elongated member or bar 37 provided at its upper or free end with a widened and forwardly thickenedportion or T-hcad cutaway, as at 38. to provide a (rain-face adapted, as hereinafter more fully appeariugjto successively, on the rotation of wheel (1. :2;- gage and cooperate with said members E2 .v when pawls 21. are in locking cng einent with notches 19, to discngagethe pawls from the spurs 19 to permit the spurs 19 to be retracted to normal position by the springs 20. Fixed to, or p eferably integrally forming part of, fixed member D, is a rearwardly er inwardly and upwardly presented arm :59 loosely connected by means of a ring or link 4.0 with said elongated member 37, whereby member 37, while held in operative position relatively to said fixed member 1) and it .aid arm 39, is permitted to move substantially vertically relatively to wheel Con pivotal movement ofarm 28 through the operation of lever 30.

Normally, spurs 19 and their actuating means occupy the position thereof shown in full lines in Figs. 1 and 2. pawls or dogs 21 being disengaged from the spurs 19 and spurs 19 being free to be slidably projected outwardly in their said registering openings or slide-ways. hen the spurs 19 are in such normal or retracted position. .lever 30 occupics the position thereof shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9. Should it now be desired to project spurs 19 outwardly into ground-engaging g'iosition. 'or into the position thereof shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1 and in full lines in Fig. 3, lever 30 is pivotally' moved to the position thereof shown in full lines in Fig. 9. On this movement of lever short arm 28 of belhcrank lever 26 will be pivotally moved upwardly. through the engagement of said linlr with the long arm 27 of bell-cranltdever 26, this movement of short arm 28 carrying therewith lever-arm 3st and thereby, through said connecting link 36, forcing the pivotally connected inner ends of links 8 8 upwardly, or into the position thereof shown in dotted lines in Fig. 1. and full lines in Fig. 3. As the'wheel C now rotates, the said inner ends of links S-8 will successively contact or engage with the inner ends of the spurs 19 and thereby project the same inturn outwardlyor into the position thereof shown in full lines in Fig. 3. 7 Wardly, the dogs 21, under the tension of Spurs 1-9 being so projected out wheel l be out; 01" t annular path of travel of said will engage with said s ium'ie'vnes r; Iii thereby releasably lock spurs l5 aird'bloeks 15 together, with s r. sli in Piifi'iCllUlI or ground-engagingposiiioiia in the said pivotal movement of own Ike-Haul elongated IIIQI'i'lbQ]? 57 will cor respoudir be forced u vvmrdly, so that, as ates, its sin cam-faoe 38" will i, tin. members 24; carried by .10 or i dogs or pawls :21. The us it?) us new is projected position and glingly looked, as described, in groundengaging position, operating-lever 30 is 7 ed to its oenlral or intermediate posiot and-dash lines in- Big. 9, whereby, ,ggh' said link bell-crank lever :26,

1 lines in Fig. 3, this move.- :1 In 34 5mgtherewith and said links f n- 8, when, will. be seenfithe spurs 19 and blocks 15, to which said spurs lil are locked by means oi said pawlsiil, will. while performing their function as anli -s.l(i l members for the machine or vehicle on Whieli they may be mounted, be permitted to yield inwardly against the tension'of springslrslmuld the spurs 19 engage or contact with a hard roadway. rock,

or other obslruction in the path of the wheel.

Inthis intermediate movementof lXlhijlilHli lever 26, the said elongated member 37 is also moved, downwardly, but this movement of member 3? not sufilcient to bring its said eem-faee 38, on the rotation or mi; l of wheel C, into cooperative positicnu'elatively to the said members 24. Should it, however. be desired to disei'igage the dogs 21 tfrom'the spurs it), so that the sours 19 may, under the tension of their said springs 20, be retracted to normal position, lever 80 is thrown to normal position, or to the position thereof shown in dotted lines in Fig. 9, when links 8-8, through their said connections, will be correspondingly brought to normal position, and, at the same time, said member 37 will be drawn downwardly, so,

rotation or travel of Wheel G, of member 37 will successively engage with said members 24, pawls 21 being thereby rocked against the tension of their said springs 22 out of locking engagement with the spurs 19, when said springs are free to retract the spurs to normal that, on the cam-face 38*- position.

I am aware that changes in the construetion, arrangement, and combinationof the several parts of my new anti-skidding derive mar be made and substituted for those herein shown and described without dell "1 ing from the nature and prineiple t my 1!) enues,

Having thus described y invention, What ion, or into the position thereof shown in I claim and. desire to secure by Lesser-s Par ent is,

' 1. In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, a radial series of spurs slidably mounted on said wheel, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted positiom' spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, said means including a pair of areuate links pivotally connected together and to said fixed member and ROIIXRHllY out of operative engagement with all said spurs, and means for actuating said spur-projecting means to successively, on the rotation of, said wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members; substantially as described.

2. In an anti-skidding device, the combi-. nation with a fixed ineinz'ier, of a rotatable wheel, a radial series of spurs slidably mounted on said Wheel, resilientmembers i'or yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position. a pair of pivotally-c m- YiGClGil links on said fixed member, and means for actuating said links to succes sivelv, on the rotution of said Wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the pull of said spur-holding members, said actuating means comprising an operating-lever, a bell-crank-lever pivotally mounted on said fixed member and having pivotal connection with said operatinglever, 21 pivoted leveroriu adapted to be pivotallv moved on the pivotal movement of said bell-eranlolever. and a link pivotally connected to said lQVHF'fiI'ln and said pair of links; :1 bstantia ly as described.

3. In an anthskidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel. a radial series of spurs slidably mounted on said wheel, resilient members for yieldingl lioldiusaid spurs in normal retracted position. spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, an annular series of yielding members carried by said wheel. sid yielding members being yield able radially inwardly relatively to said fixed member, means for actuating said spur-projecting means to successively, on the rotation of said wheel, engage with said spurs to projectthe same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members, "and means adapted to releasably lock said spurs to said yielding members when projected position; substantially as described;

In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable Wheel, an annular series of yielding mem hers carriedby said wheel, said yielding member being yieldable radially inwardly relativeiv to said fixed member, spurs mounted on said Wheel and normally slidable relatively to said yielding members, re--- 1 silient men'sbers for. yieldingly holding said projected position;

spurs in normal retracted position, spurprojecting means carried by said fixed member, means for actuating said spur-projecting .meansto successively, on the rotation of SB/1d wheel, engage with said spurs "to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holdin members, and means adapted to releasa 1y lock said spurs to said yielding members when in pro ected position; substantiall as described.

- 5. In an anti- 'dding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, an annular, series of yie ding members carried by said Wheel, said yielding members being yieldable radially inwardly relatively to said fixed member, a radial series of notched spurs mounted on said wheel and normally slidable relatively to: said yielding members, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, means for actuat ing said spur-projecting means to successively, on the rotation of said wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spurholding members, and pivoted dogs carried by said yielding members and adapted to engage with said spurs to releasably lock the same to said yielding members when in substantially as described.

6. In an anti-skidding device. the ,combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, a radial series of spurs slidably mounted on said Wheel, resilient members fior yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, an annular series of members yieldingly carried by said wheel, said last-named members being yieldable radially inwardly relatively to said fixed member, means for actuating said spur projecting means to successively, on the rotation of said wheel, engage withsaid spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members, means adapted to reloasably lock said spurs to said yielding members when in projected position, andmeans adapted to actuate said locking means to permit said spurs to be retracted, under the pull of said holdingmembers, to normal position; substantially asdescribed. v

7. In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, an annular series of yielding members carried by said wheel, said yielding members being yieldable radiall inwardly relatively to said fixed me at, spurs mounted on said wheel and normally slidablc relatively to said yielding members, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, means for actuatin said 5 ur prn jecting means to successive Y on t a mation of said wheel, er gage with said s urs to project the same outwardly against t e tension of said spur-holding members, means adapted t-o'releasably lock said spurs to said yielding members when in projected position, and means adapted to actuate said locking means to permit said spurs to be retracted, under the pull ofsaid holdingmembers, to normal position; substantially as described.

8. In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixedmember, of a rotatable wheel, an annular series of yielding members carried by said wheel, said yielding members being yieldable radially inwardly relatively to said fixed member, a radial series of notched spurs mounted on said Wheel and normally slidable relatively to said yielding members, resilient members for yield: ingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, means for actuating said spur-projecting means to successively, on the rotation of said wheel, engage with said spurs tofproject the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members, pivoted dogs carried by said yielding members and adapted to engage with said spurs to releasablv lock the same to said yielding members when in projected position, and means adapted to disengage said pawls from said spurs to permit said spurs to be slidably retracted, under the pull of said holdingmembers. to normal position; substantially as described.

9. In an anti-skidding device, the-combinationwith a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, an annular series of yielding members carried by said wheel, said yielding members being yieldable radially inwardly relatively to said fixed member, a radial series of notched spurs mounted on said Wheel and normally slidable relatively to said yielding members, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, means for actuating said spurprojecting means to successively, on the rotationof said wheel, engage with saidspurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members, pivoted dogs carried by said yielding members and adapted to engage with said spurs to releasahly lock the same to said yielding members when in projected position, and means adapted to disengage saiddogs from Said spurs to permit said spurs to be slidably retracted, under the pull of said holding-members, to normal position, said lastnamed means comprising cam-engaging memberscarried by said dogs and a member carried by said actuating means-and provided with a cam-face adapted to cooperate with said cam-engaging members; substan l tially as described.

1 In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, a pair of fixed concentric rings carried by said wheel, said rings being spaced apart radially relatively to said fixed member, a series of radial spurs slidably mounted in said rings, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, and means for actuating said spur-projecting means to successively, on the rotation of said wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members; substantially as described.

11. In an anti-skidding device, the eombi' nation with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, an annular member fixed to said wheel adjacentthe rim thereof, a second annular member concentric with. and spaced outwardly from, said first annular member, radial bolafor holding said annular members in fixe spaced'apart relation. an ann'ular series or blocks loosely ei'igaging at their ends with 'id bolts. coiled springs interposed on 1 its ween said inner ammlar member and the ends of said blocks, a radial series of spurs slidably carried by said blocks and rings, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by fixed member, means for actuating said spur-projecting means to successively, on the rotation of said wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members, and means adapted to releasably lock said spurs to said blocks when in projected position; substantially as described.

12. In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, an annular member fixed to said wheel adjacent the rim thereof, a second annular member concentric with, and spaced outwardly from, said first annular member, radial bolts for holding said annular members in fixed spaced-apart relation, an annular series of blocks loosely engaging at their ends with said bolts, coiled springs inter-- posed on said bolts between said inner annular member and the ends of saidbloclts, a radial series of notched spurs slidably carried by said blocks and rings, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-pro ecting means carried by fixed member, means for actuating said spur-projecting means to suecessively, on the rotation of said Wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spurholding members, pivoted dogs carried by said blocks adapted to engage with said spurs to releasably lock said spurs to said blocks when in projected position, and means adapted to disengage said dogs from said spurs to permit said spurs to be slidably retracted, under the pull of said holding-men.- bers, to normal position; substantially as described.

13. In an anti-skidding device, the combination with a fixed member, of a rotatable wheel, an annular member fixed to said wheel adjacent the rim thereof, a second annular member concentric with, and spaced ,outwardly from, said first annular member, radial bolts for, holding said annular members in fixed spaced-apart relation, an annular series of blocks loosely engaging at their ends with said bolts, coiled springs interposed on said bolts between said inner annular member and the ends of said blocks, a radial series of notched spurs slidably carried by said blocks and annular members, resilient members for yieldingly holding said spurs in normal retracted position, spur-projecting means carried by said fixed member, means for actuating said spur-projecting means to successively, onthe rotation of said wheel, engage with said spurs to project the same outwardly against the tension of said spur-holding members, pivoted dgs carried by said blocks adapted to engage with said spurs to releasably lock said spurs to said blocks when in projected position, and means adapted to disengage said dogs from said spurs to permit said spurs to be slid-ably retracted, under the pull of said holding-members, to normal position, said last-named means including cam-engaging members carried by said dogs and a member pivotally connected to said actuating-means and provided with a cam-face adapted to cooperate with said cam-engaging members; substantially as described.

In testimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

. PHILIP MAM-LG.

\Vitnesses:

RUTH PETERSON,

Lama HAUK. 

